Question Completion Status:

QUESTION 1

1. Which perspective is not considered when attempting to understand the nature of a client’s presenting problem in the goals of cognitive–behavioral theory?

   cognitive

   affective

   behavioral

   physical

1 points

QUESTION 2

1. What is social interest?

   The innate drive of a person to cooperate and contribute with others for the common good

   Striving for a better future for all humans

   A sense of identification with and empathy for others

   An individual’s attitude in dealing with the social world

1 points

QUESTION 3

1. Creative and expressive therapy is an umbrella term that does not include

   music therapy.

   art therapy.

   reality therapy.

   psychodrama.

1 points

QUESTION 4

1. Adlerians believe that discouragement:

   is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning.

   is minimal in comparison with other dysfunctions.

   can be overcome with medication.

   is not part of an Adlerian viewpoint.

1 points

QUESTION 5

1. Which of the following existentialists is most associated with transpersonal psychology?

   Kierkegaard

   Yalom

   Frankl

   Sarte

1 points

QUESTION 6

1. Two major disorders given a great deal of attention in feminist literature are:

   personality disorders and bipolar disorders.

   borderline personality disorders and hypertension.

   eating disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder.

   insomnia and posttraumatic stress disorder.

1 points

QUESTION 7

1. Within the narrative approach, narrative coherence refers to

   Clients’ ability to remember anything about their past

   Storytelling interventions with couples that focus on communication skills

   The counselor’s ability to be understood by the client

   The connections stemming from individuals’ interactions with themselves or the environment

1 points

QUESTION 8

1. When using extinction to change behavior:

   you should expect positive behavior to decrease.

   you should expect a burst of positive behavior that fades away.

   you should expect positive behavior to increase.

   you should expect a burst of negative behavior, followed by positive behavior.

1 points

QUESTION 9

1. The concept of core conditions, as applied to the helping relationship, includes all but one of the following:

   respect/positive regard

   confrontation

   warmth

   empathic understanding

1 points

QUESTION 10

1. The first person to introduce the subjects of consciousness, spiritualism, and psychical research into the mental health fields was:

   Abraham Maslow.

   William James.

   Carl Jung.

   Sigmund Freud.

1 points

QUESTION 11

1. Art therapy, dance/movement therapy, music therapy, and drama therapy are all considered:

   expressive arts approaches.

   symbolic approaches.

   eclectic approaches.

   narrative approaches.

1 points

QUESTION 12

1. Jay Haley was associated with the _________ school of family counseling.

   strategic

   narrative

   conjoint

   structural

1 points

QUESTION 13

1. Research on existential theory

   has been labored because the unscripted nature of the existential journey does not easily lend itself to the scientific process of measurement

   has continued to be strong, producing considerable research

   has been absent because it focuses on the relationship and that is difficult to measure

   as waned because existentialism is almost nonexistent, especially internationally

1 points

QUESTION 14

1. The Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development’s Multicultural Counseling Competencies emphasize:

   self-awareness, awareness of clients’ worldviews, and awareness of culturally appropriate interventions.

   self-awareness, spiritual awareness, and valuing peace.

   not working with culturally different clients.

   knowledge of different cultures, their customs, and traditional foods.

1 points

QUESTION 15

1. Glasser would agree with all of the following except:

   People do not have to be victims of their past experiences.

   People are more likely to change when threatened by punishment.

   People have more control over their lives than they realize.

   People try to change their world to match what they want.

1 points

QUESTION 16

1. Which of the following is not a principle of Adler’s theory?

   Social interest

   Holism

   Early sexual childhood experiences

   Goal oriented

1 points

QUESTION 17

1. According to the oppression model in multicultural counseling, __________ refers to unearned access to resources to resources that is readily available to social identity groups with more power.

   prejudice

   authenticity

   discrimination

   privilege

1 points

QUESTION 18

1. According to creativity in counseling, creativity

   promotes new perspectives, problem solving, and productive relationships

   is stifled in counselors with no formal creative arts training

   can be used without consideration of the ACA Code of Ethics

   is relegated to a special few

1 points

QUESTION 19

1. The central issue in existential therapy is:

   examining irrational beliefs.

   resistance.

   freedom and responsibility.

   counter-transference.

1 points

QUESTION 20

1. In choice theory, human motivation springs from which of these five sources?

   belonging, survival, knowledge, fun, power

   power, achievement, enjoyment, information, security

   survival, achievement, love, success, pride

   survival, belonging, power, freedom, fun

1 points

QUESTION 21

1. Which of the following interventions involves gradual exposure to an item or circumstance that produces fear?

   Systematic desensitization

   Positive reinforcement

   Reframing

   Punishment

1 points

QUESTION 22

1. A criticism of person-centered counseling or therapy is:

   its deterministic stance.

   overly confrontational.

   rigid steps in the counseling or therapy process.

   too few specifics regarding actions for the new counselor or therapist.

1 points

QUESTION 23

1. Which one of the following is not one of the three core conditions that drive the process of change?

   Positive regard

   Genuineness

   Empathic understanding

   Structure

1 points

QUESTION 24

1. The most important factor in the therapeutic alliance is the:

   client’s willingness to work hard.

   depth of the problems being experienced.

   counselor’s or therapist’s skills.

   quality and nature of the relationship between counselor or therapist and client.

1 points

QUESTION 25

1. In transpersonal counseling theory, differentiating between ___________ and true psychotic states is of extreme importance to optimize counseling and prevent unnecessary or harmful treatment.

   false psychosis

   spiritual challenges

   altered states of consciousness

   drug-induced psychosis

1 points

QUESTION 26

1. A tool for conceptualizing key relationships in a three-generational extended family is a:

   family sketch.

   lifestyle assessment.

   genogram.

   projective test.

1 points

QUESTION 27

1. Dialectical behavior theory uses a behavioral technique known as _______ in which the client learns to tolerate painful emotions without enacting self-destructive behaviors:

   negative reinforcement

   punishment

   positive reinforcement

   exposure

1 points

QUESTION 28

1. Creating an egalitarian therapeutic relationship is important to feminists because

   clients expect their therapists to be experts who can help them solve their problems

   male clients are often uncomfortable with powerlessness

   the inequities in the client’s life should not be replicated in the therapeutic relationship

   informed consent is mandated by professional codes of ethics

1 points

QUESTION 29

1. The defense mechanism of redirecting thoughts, feelings, and impulses from an object that gives rise to anxiety to a safer, more acceptable one is known as:

   repression.

   displacement.

   sublimation.

   regression.

1 points

QUESTION 30

1. The systems perspective implies:

   the external environment is the most powerful influence on an individual’s development.

   individuals are autonomous and independent of their families.

   individuals are best understood through the context of their role in their families.

   systemic intervention is required to deconstruct unhealthy family patterns.

1 points

QUESTION 31

1. Which of the following did Adler not stress?

   the unity of personality

   behavior is purposeful and goal oriented

   focus on early childhood sexual experiences as determinants of personality functioning

   feelings of inferiority

1 points

QUESTION 32

1. Ellis developed the A-B-C model to illustrate the process of change. A-B-C stands for:

   action, behavior, consequences.

   activating event, behavior, cognitions

   antecedent, belief, cognitions

   activating event, belief, consequence

1 points

QUESTION 33

1. Which of these solution-focused therapy techniques involves asking clients to describe times in their lives they were able to solve their problem or when their problem was less severe?

   scaling questions

   the “change” or exception question

   pre-change therapy

   the miracle question

1 points

QUESTION 34

1. The central concept of the expressive arts approach in counseling is:

   meditation.

   action.

   self-actualization.

   reaction.

1 points

QUESTION 35

1. In classic psychoanalysis, the counselor maintains a “blank screen” approach in order to:

   analyze transference.

   analyze dreams.

   disengage from the client.

   analyze countertransference.

1 points

QUESTION 36

1. The founder of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is:

   Frederick “Fritz” Perls.

   William Glasser.

   Albert Ellis.

   Viktor Frankl.

1 points

QUESTION 37

1. The concepts of ___________ are vital to creativity in counseling.

   drama therapy, role play, and empty chair techniques

   culture, mutual relationships, and recognition of power structures

   hierarchy of needs, trauma recognition, and validation

   psychoanalytic theory, diagnosis, and assessment

1 points

QUESTION 38

1. Which of the following family therapists is best known for his or her structural approach to treatment?

   Minuchin

   Satir

   Bowen

   Haley

1 points

QUESTION 39

1. Awareness is the key to Gestalt therapy. Through awareness, the organism/person naturally proceeds toward:

   impasse.

   growth, integration, and differentiated unity.

   happiness.

   confusion.

1 points

QUESTION 40

1. Reality therapy is:

   more rational than humanistic.

   more humanistic than existential.

   more cognitive–behavioral than nondirective.

   more behavioral than cognitive.

1 points

QUESTION 41

1. A feminist therapist counseling a client who suffers from an eating disorder would be most likely to

   explore with the client the messages she has internalized from the mass media

   explore whether the client has a history of sexual victimization

   establish immediate goals for healthy eating and weight gain

   refer the client to group counseling rather than establish an individual counseling relationship, because groups have been shown to be a more effective treatment modality

1 points

QUESTION 42

1. Which of the following is not one of the four parts to dream narratives according to Jung?

   identifying the turning point in the dream

   determining what caused the dream

   telling who, where, when, and what of the dream

   exposure and exploration of the complexes

1 points

QUESTION 43

1. According to psychoanalytic therapy, human beings are:

   motivated by social interest.

   Free to choose their own destinies.

   inclined to become self-actualized.

   driven by unconscious, instinctual drives.

1 points

QUESTION 44

1. According to Jung, one way that the archetype is expressed is through:

   the superego.

   sacred images.

   the Shadow.

   the ego.

1 points

QUESTION 45

1. A family system’s perspective implies:

   the outside world is the most powerful influence on a person’s development.

   clients are best understood through the context of their familial roles.

   that clients are autonomous and independent of their families.

   systemic intervention must be used to disrupt unhealthy family interactions.

1 points

QUESTION 46

1. Constructivist-oriented counselors

   take the perspective that clients’ cultural backgrounds are irrelevant to their stories

   do not impose their own lived experiences on the client’s narrative

   believe that their clients are unable to resolve discrepancies in their life stories

   seek to impart their own lived experiences on their clients

1 points

QUESTION 47

1. WDEP stands for:

   wants, direction, efficacy, planning.

   wants, doing, self-evaluation, planning.

   wants, desires, self-evaluation, purpose.

   wishes, direction, efficiency, purpose.

1 points

QUESTION 48

1. Which component of the personality is responsible for helping an individual cope with reality and preventing the individual from acting on his or her basic urges?

   Superego

   Id

   Conscious

   Ego

1 points

QUESTION 49

1. The family life cycle is:

   an example of family decline.

   a developmental model.

   an example of a life stressor.

   a linear model.

1 points

QUESTION 50

1. ___________ considered confrontation as an important part of encouragement.

   Adler

   Freud

   Perls

   Roger

1 points

QUESTION 51

1. A multifaceted process occurring across the life span is called:

   genderfication.

   gender bias.

   gender role socialization.

   gender role identification.

1 points

QUESTION 52

1. Which of the following is descriptive of what closure means in existential counseling?

   It means stopping therapy at the end of the semester at a counseling center.

   Facing the end of the helping relationship is the final confrontation with reality.

   It is a relatively unimportant part of counseling.

   It is when counselors close out all of their files.

1 points

QUESTION 53

1. Which of the following strategies is most consistent with empowerment in coun¬seling and psychotherapy?

   Helping the client view the counselor or therapist as expert.

   Letting clients know specifically what goals they should be working toward.

   Providing the client with a thorough explanation of the therapy process.

   Pointing out to clients how their past behaviors have been ineffective.

1 points

QUESTION 54

1. Stage 1 (relationship development) of the helping process includes all but one of the following activities:

   data gathering

   rapport building

   problem solution

   initial meeting

1 points

QUESTION 55

1. A traditional technique in psychoanalysis that invites clients to relate what¬ever comes into their minds during the session without self-censorship is

   Analyzing resistances

   Posthypnotic suggestion

   Free association

   Dream analysis

1 points

QUESTION 56

1. According to Adler, which of the following is not one of the three life tasks?

   Love

   Community

   Family

   Work

1 points

QUESTION 57

1. The developer of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is:

   Fritz Perls.

   Albert Ellis.

   Marsha Linehan.

   Carl Rogers.

1 points

QUESTION 58

1. According to person-centered theory, for someone to be continuously believed and trusted by a client they must:

   have years of professional experience.

   know the right questions to ask.

   be genuine.

   not make mistakes.

1 points

QUESTION 59

1. A counselor directing a client to physically move during a session is an activity most likely to occur in which of the following approaches to family therapy?

   structural

   conjoint

   narrative

   transgenerational

1 points

QUESTION 60

1. In working with a triangulated relationship, Bowen would be inclined to:

   remain detached, reinforcing calmness and rationality.

   join the family.

   side with one member involved in the triangle.

   engage in self-disclosure to build trust.

1 points

QUESTION 61

1. Yalom’s theory focused on all below except

   the importance of the relationship

   psychoanalytic/psychodynamic existential counseling

   identifying wants and needs

   death, freedom, isolation, and meaning

1 points

QUESTION 62

1. The dialectical behavior theory model proposes that a successful counseling intervention must meet five critical functions. Which of the following is not one of these functions?

   boost the clients’ capabilities

   structure the environment so that the treatment can take place

   ensure the clients’ capabilities are specific to their environment

   improve and preserve the clients’ incentive to change

1 points

QUESTION 63

1. The goal of reality therapy is to

   help clients raise their level of perception.

   lower clients’ level of perception.

   fulfill wants and needs without infringing on the rights of others.

   get in touch with reality.

1 points

QUESTION 64

1. A strategy of feminist counselors for empowering clients is to involve them in naming their problems and participating in directing the counseling process. This strategy is called:

   gender role analysis.

   demystifying the counseling process.

   probing.

   client empowerment.

1 points

QUESTION 65

1. Which of the following are true regarding advocacy as a part of counseling and psychotherapy?

   Advocating for clients and client groups damages the therapeutic alliance.

   Counselors or therapists should assume that clients cannot advocate for themselves.

   Advocacy can take place at many different levels from individual to systemic.

   Advocacy is different from counseling and psychotherapy in that clients do not need informed consent.

1 points

QUESTION 66

1. According to Ellis, shoulds, oughts, and musts do not fall under which of the following categories?

   world-demandingness

   self-demandingness

   unconditional self-acceptance

   other-demandingness

1 points

QUESTION 67

1. All of the following strategies are unique to feminist therapy except for:

   encouraging clients to take social action.

   gender-role analysis and intervention.

   power analysis and intervention.

   cognitive restructuring.

1 points

QUESTION 68

1. Empowerment and egalitarianism are the basis of the _______ therapeutic relationship.

   Gestalt

   feminist

   psychoanalytic

   existential

1 points

QUESTION 69

1. Adolescence is a time when existential issues

   have not yet developed.

   are found only in individuals who have been through trauma.

   are real, death can no longer be denied.

   are minimal because teens do not have many struggles.

1 points

QUESTION 70

1. Perls did not:

   ask clients to focus on why they behaved in certain ways.

   believe that human beings had the capacity and strength to grow, develop, and to become the persons that they desired.

   believe that behavior is a result of mistaken beliefs.

   have a passionate belief in the holistic nature of humankind.

1 points

QUESTION 71

1. Dialectical behavior theory is driven by three theories. Which of the following is not one of those?

   behavior therapy

   biosocial theory of borderline personality disorder

   dialectics

   Gestalt theory

1 points

QUESTION 72

1. ____________ theory influenced the Association for Creativity in Counseling and creativity in counseling.

   Reality

   Gestalt

   Psychoanalytic

   Relational cultural

1 points

QUESTION 73

1. All of the following are goals of feminist therapy except for:

   striving for gender equality.

   freeing clients of gender role socialization.

   confronting forms of institutional oppression.

   resolving intrapsychic conflicts from early childhood

1 points

QUESTION 74

1. The founder of person-centered therapy is:

   Natalie Rogers.

   Carl Rogers.

   Rollo May.

   Frederick “Fritz” Perls.

1 points

QUESTION 75

1. Which of the following is used to conduct a lifestyle analysis?

   Use of the miracle question

   Questions about the family constellation

   Uncovering unconscious thoughts

   Asking the client about irrational thoughts

1 points

QUESTION 76

1. Self-efficacy refers to

   a feeling of having respect for oneself.

   a behavior therapy intervention.

   gaining a better understanding of self.

   a sense of personal competence or mastery.

1 points

QUESTION 77

1. When working with culturally diverse clients, narrative therapy can be used to help individuals from diverse backgrounds to do all of the following except

   Decode systemic and macroaggressions

   Combat discriminatory stories

   Accept their social positioning

   Deconstruct stereotypes

1 points

QUESTION 78

1. Regarding multicultural counseling, narrative therapy has been found to be particularly effective because:

   it confronts mistaken beliefs.

   it is brief.

   it allows clients to tell their unique stories from their perspective and is founded in a sociocultural context.

   the counselor teaches the client how to express feelings.

1 points

QUESTION 79

1. In practicing reality therapy, counselors and therapists focus on:

   the interpersonal relationships of the client.

   personal history.

   family history.

   insight into causes of behavior.

1 points

QUESTION 80

1. Overall, the onus is on the ____________ to be aware of his or her limits of practice as well as the limitations of transpersonal interventions with seriously mentally ill individuals.

   counseling supervisor

   state licensing board

   transpersonal counselor

   client

1 points

QUESTION 81

1. Currently, a major goal for feminist therapists is to

   reenergize the consciousness-raising group movement

   eliminate the use of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnostic system in counseling

   encourage more men to become feminist therapists

   integrate multiculturalism and social justice into feminist therapy

1 points

QUESTION 82

1. Constructivist theorists posit that development is woven throughout the life span in a continuous process involving

   self-love, self-respect, and self-identity.

   self-definition, self-knowledge, and self-identity.

   self-love, self-knowledge, and self-identity.

   self-definition, self-knowledge, and self-respect.

1 points

QUESTION 83

1. Which of the following is not consistent with rational emotive behavior therapy?

   Thinking, feeling, and behaving are interconnected.

   Events or other people make us feel bad or good.

   Emotional distress results from exaggeration, overgeneralization, and unvalidated assumptions.

   Irrational beliefs emanate from environmental and genetic factors.

1 points

QUESTION 84

1. The term social interest does not refer to:

   striving for a better future for all humans.

   birth order

   an individual’s attitude in dealing with the social world.

   a sense of identification and empathy with others.

1 points

QUESTION 85

1. The three people credited for the development of Gestalt therapy are:

   Perls, Burber, and Nitche.

   Perls, Kohler, and Koffka

   Perls, Perls, and Goodman.

   Rogers, Glassman, and Goodman.

1 points

QUESTION 86

1. Feminist theory is:

   unified.

   not a singular, unified counseling theory.

   antimale.

   profemale.

1 points

QUESTION 87

1. A key concept of Gestalt therapy is

   externalizing conversations.

   importance of the past.

   unfinished business.

   family of origin issues.

1 points

QUESTION 88

1. In the A-B-C model proposed by Ellis, the factor that creates the emotional and behavioral consequences is:

   beliefs.

   activating event.

   consequences.

   depression.

1 points

QUESTION 89

1. Which one of the following is not associated with the cognitive-behavioral action-oriented therapies?

   reality therapy

   rational emotive behavior therapy

   existential therapy

   cognitive therapy

1 points

QUESTION 90

1. Alfred Adler was the first to notice that the development of children within families was heavily influenced by:

   birth order

   rivalry among the children.

   balance of control between parents.

   the cultural context of the family.

1 points

QUESTION 91

1. The most common cognitive intervention in REBT therapy is

   Helping the client identify unhealthy emotions

   Disputation of irrational beliefs

   Socratic questioning

   Homework

1 points

QUESTION 92

1. Gestalt-therapy techniques are designed to help the client:

   minimize depression and anxiety.

   intensify feelings and expand awareness of the here-and-now.

   analyze feelings.

   free him or herself from specific behavioral symptoms.

1 points

QUESTION 93

1. A client tells the counselor that he is falling in love with the counselor. This is an example of:

   Countertransference

   Reaction formation

   Resistance

   Transference

1 points

QUESTION 94

1. Which of the following is not considered a necessary and sufficient condition for change in the person-centered framework?

   accurate empathy

   artistic expression

   authenticity/genuineness

   unconditional positive regard

1 points

QUESTION 95

1. Teasing out stressors poses a challenge for the family therapist because of the family’s:

   many stories.

   severity of pain.

   mistrust of therapy.

   multigenerational issues.

1 points

QUESTION 96

1. Which of the following describes a strategy used to add depth and enhance the relationship?

   avoiding any confrontation by the counselor or therapist

   accurately diagnosing the client

   attending to nonverbal behaviors of the client

   informed consent

1 points

QUESTION 97

1. The creative counselor believes that pathologizing clients

   reinforces the shame and stigma associated with mental illness

   is helpful because it provides a starting point for treatment

   is necessary to complete a treatment plan

   should occur only after their assessment by a psychiatrist

1 points

QUESTION 98

1. Insoo Kim Berg referred to the unique position of the constructivist counselor during therapy as

   All-knowing

   Knowledge seeking

   Non-knowing

   Knowledge sharing

1 points

QUESTION 99

1. The founders of solution-focused brief therapy are

   Frederick and Laura Perls.

   Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis.

   Michael White and David Epston.

   Insoo Kim Berg and Steve de Shazer.

1 points

QUESTION 100

1. All of the following are techniques used in solution-focused therapy except for:

   scaling questions

   the miracle question

   using a reflecting team

   exception questions

1 points

QUESTION 101

1. To understand the impact of diversity on counseling and psychotherapy, which of the following is not essential?

   the individual client’s view of the world

   the systems in which clients develop and live

   the individual client’s favorite foods

   the impact of culture upon the client

1 points

QUESTION 102

1. Which of the following is not considered to be a traditional REBT intervention?

   Spitting in the client’s soup

   Helping clients experience healthy negative emotions

   Using humor, in the form of exaggeration, to help clients avoid taking themselves so seriously

   Helping clients discriminate between rational and irrational beliefs

1 points

QUESTION 103

1. Dialectical behavior theory (DBT) was initially developed to treat:

   histrionic personality disorder.

   borderline personality disorder.

   narcissistic personality disorder.

   antisocial personality disorder.

1 points

QUESTION 104

1. The basic goal of psychoanalytic therapy is:

   to analyze a client’s lifestyle.

   to make the unconscious conscious.

   to examine irrational beliefs.

   to solve a client’s problems.

1 points

QUESTION 105

1. Heidegger’s notions of choice, that each choice one makes represents the loss of an alternative, include all of the following except:

   some choices are irrational and people need to train themselves not to make them with rewards and punishments.

   future choices are limited due to past choices and the time remaining to fulfill them.

   the past becomes important in terms of lost opportunities.

   people have the freedom to choose but must balance this with responsibility.

1 points

QUESTION 106

1. People who respond to others by acting on the conditions of worth others place on them are most likely to lead productive, satisfying lives.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 107

1. According to reality therapy, human beings change their behavior only if they change their level of perception.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 108

1. A method in which the counselor or therapist leads the client through a number of questions to become aware of thoughts and distortions in thinking and to find and implement more adaptive replacements is called Socratic questioning.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 109

1. Phenomenological perspective describes the concept that all persons view the world in a similar manner.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 110

1. Immediacy is the ability of the counselor or therapist to deal with the relationship between past and present behaviors of the client.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 111

1. The benefits of existential counseling are that it allows people to circumvent anxiety and escape thoughts of death and dying.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 112

1. If a counselor is trained specifically in an expressive art technique, he or she does not need to integrate his or her approach with a theory.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 113

1. One of the most attractive features of Gestalt theory is its attention to the holistic nature of humankind.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 114

1. Existential counseling or psychotherapy provides an excellent context for addressing culture and diversity.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 115

1. Rational emotive behavior therapy is based on the notion that what you feel is based on what you think.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 116

1. Psychoanalytic theory suggests that behavior is largely determined by irrational forces, conscious motivations, and biological or instinctual drive.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 117

1. The organized, realistic part of the psyche that mediates and seeks a balance between the other two is known as the superego.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 118

1. Individuals are seen by Adlerians as wanting to contribute and cooperate for the betterment of self and others.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 119

1. The counseling profession has fully adapted to the diversity of society.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 120

1. In reality therapy, the environment or the counseling or psychotherapeutic atmosphere includes attending behaviors, doing the unexpected, and use of metaphors.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 121

1. The increasing diversity of the U.S. population is often used as a rationale for paying closer attention to social and cultural differences in counseling.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 122

1. The term transpersonal means beyond the personal, ego, or self.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 123

1. The dialectical behavior theory model uses individual therapy, group therapy, and phone coaching.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 124

1. Jung parted ways with Sigmund Freud over Freud’s emphasis on biological drives and sexual urges as prime human motivating factors.

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 125

1. Murray Bowen is acknowledged by many as the pioneer in applying cybernetic systems thinking to human interaction.

   True

   False

1 points